γ-丁内酯的合成及应用

介绍了 γ—丁内酯的主要用途,评述了其主要合成工艺,并推荐氯碱行业采用顺酐加氢法生产 γ—丁内酯。     

Supported Molybdenum Carbides Lie Between Metallic and Sulfided Catalysts for Deep HDS

Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene on alumina-supported Mo₂C has been studied. These catalysts are stable and active under deep HDS conditions (0-250 wt ppm S). However, although they are well known to have hydrogenation properties, they lead preferentially to a non-hydrogenated product of the HDS reaction: dimethylbiphenyl. For the same reaction, supported platinum and sulfided molybdenum oxide lead to the hydrogenated products dimethyldicyclohexyl and methylcyclohexyltoluene, respectively. The ranking of HDS activity is as follows: MoS₂/Al₂O₃ < Mo₂C/Al₂O₃ < Pt/SiO₂.     

加氢精制催化剂在催化干气变温-加氢净化工艺中的应用

介绍了JT-4和JT-1G型加氢精制催化剂在制氢装置催化干气变温-加氢净化工艺中的应用情况。结果表明，两种催化剂具有良好的烯烃和有机硫低温加氢活性。催化干气经变温-加氢精制后，完全满足制氢工艺要求。     

室温离子液体在石油化工中的应用

介绍了室温离子液体的制备及物理性质,详细说明了室温离子液体在石油化工中的应用,如在烷基化、氢化、脱硫、C-C偶联等反应中的应用;分析了室温离子液体现存的缺点.最后,提出室温离子液体工业应用的方向及可能存在的问题.     

悬浮床与固定床渣油加氢改质技术的区别

固定床渣油加氢改质技术是比较成熟的重质油加工手段,而悬浮床渣油加氢技术是较新的重油轻质化方案.以悬浮床加氢技术为主,详细地比较了两种技术在催化剂组成和性质,反应机理,工艺过程方面的区别,指出两种工艺联合使用可以充分发挥各自的优势,扬长避短,创造更大的经济效益.     

对苯二甲酸加氢精制的反应规律

在高压磁力搅拌间歇反应釜中研究了粗对苯二甲酸在 Pd- C催化剂上加氢精制反应的规律。实验温度范围为 2 75～ 2 95℃ ,实验压力范围为 6 .0 8～ 8.0 8MPa(表压 )。研究发现加氢反应速率随着催化剂量和氢分压的增加而提高 ,在实验温度范围内 ,提高加氢温度 ,反应速率反而有所下降 ;投料中对苯二甲酸的质量浓度对反应速率也有一定影响 ,在 2 82℃反应条件下合适的质量分数为 2 5 %。     

DIFFUSION AND REACTION OF BENZENE HYDROGENATION OVER POROUS Ni/γ-Al_2O_3 CATALYST

The macro-kinetics of benzene hydrogenation over porous Ni/γ-Al_2O_3 catalyst was measured with asingle-pellet diffusion reactor.Based on the dusty-gas model,the differential equations by taking into account ofthe variation of effective diffusivities with the composition were derived to describe the diffusion and reactionprocesses of reacting species over porous catalyst.Using the tortuosity factors determined under the condition ofsteady physical diffusion,the global reaction rates were calculated by solving the equations,and the results are ingood agreement with the experimental data obtained.     

有机碱对莰烯直接乙酰化的影响

研究了在含氮有机碱存在下的莰烯直接乙酰化反应，结果表明，在反应中加入与莰烯等摩尔的六氢吡啶，有利于莰烯乙酰化反应，在反应液中的酰化产物ω－乙酰基莰烯含量最高达到56％，大大超过异构化产物乙酸异冰片酯。     

An evaluation of commercial nickel catalysts during hydrogenation of soybean oil

The activities of several commercial nickel catalysts were determined by measuring their activation energies. Among these catalysts, G95E, Resan 22, Nysosel 222 and 325, all with low activation energy, were more active than DM3 and G95H, which had higher activation energy. However, the less active catalysts increased the linoleate selectivity of soybean oil during hydrogenation. The yields of bothtrans isomers and winterized oil were higher for the more selectively hydrogenated oil catalyzed by the less active catalysts. In the sensory evaluation, the fractionated solid fat that contained moretrans isomers was lower in flavor scores than the fractionated liquid oil after hydrogenation and winterization of soybean oil.     

4,4′,4″-三氨基三苯胺的合成

本文从对氯硝基苯和对硝基苯胺出发,经过两步反应合成了三偶氮类光导材料的重要中间体4,4′,4″-三氨基三 苯胺,其中第一反应采用KF/季铵盐催化法,收率48.4％,第二步反应采用钯碳催化加氢法,收率91.4％。